CHRISTIAN PHILOSOPHERS OF THE WEST ABOUT THE “COLD WAR”, TOTALITARIANISM AND COMMUNISM: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF REINHOLD NIEBUHR’S AND GIORGIO LA PIRA’S CONCEPTS

The author examines the legacy of two great Christian thinkers, the American Reinhold Niebuhr and the Italian Giorgio La Pira, both very influential during the Cold War. Niebuhr was a Protestant theologian and political adviser to the American establishment. The Mayor of Florence, La Pira, was a prominent Italian statesman and an eminent Catholic thinker. The author analyzes their views on international relations, in particularly on the western policy towards the Soviet Union, the use of nuclear weapons, the war in Vietnam and communism. The legacy of two thinkers is highly topical in front of the ethical dimension of choices needed in international politics today.

1. См.: Тимофеев И.Н. Разгадать «Энигму»: Барак Обама сквозь призму этического реализма Рейнхольда Нибура. [Timofeev I.N. Razgadat’ enigmu: Barak Obama skvoz’ prizmu eticheskogo realizma Reinholda Nibura]

2. Spinelli B. Obama e il fardello dell’uomo diverso // La Stampa. 2009. 11 Oct.

3. См.: Religion: The Dimension of Faith // US Time. 1947. 18 Aug. 18, 1947. URL: http://www.time.com/ time/magazine/article/0,9171,853211,00.html

4. См.: Тимофеев И.Н. Указ. соч. [Timofeev I.N. Op.cit.]

5. Цит. по: Acerbi A. Chiesa e democrazia: da Leone XIII al Vaticano II. Ed.Vita e pensiero, 1991. P. 230.

6. Niebuhr R. The Irony of American History. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2008. P. 2.

7. Cм.: Patton H.G., Reinhold Niebuhr. Ch.5: Love and Giustice. URL:http://www.religion-online.org/showchapter.asp?title=3279&C=2739

8. См.: Reinhold Niebuhr’s Normative Realism URL: http://www.ipri.pt/eventos/pdf/Niebuhr_VR.pdf

9. Однако, учитывая уроки Второй мировой войны, Нибур поддержал идею создания Организации Объединенных Наций.

10. Ibid.

11. См.: John Сourtney Murray, S.J., We Hold These Truths: Catholic Reflections on the American Proposition. New York: Sheed & Ward, 1960. P. 279.

12. Цит. по: Donna Schaper. The Nuclear Reality: Beyond Niebuhr and the Just War. // Christian Century. 1982.

13. Oct. P. 1014. 13 Ibid. P. 1015.

14. Fox R.W. Reinhold Niebuhr: A Biography. Cornell University Press, 1985. 325 p.

15. Kaplan R.D. Looking the World in the Eye: Samuel Huntington // Atlantic On-Line. December 2001. URL: http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/fr/589375/posts

16. Rice D.F. Martin E. Marty (eds). Reinhold Niebuhr revisited: engagements with an American original. Michigan: B. Eerdamans Publishing Co. 2009. P. 28.

17. Lepri S. Giorgio La Pira: l‘uomo dei sogni che si avverano. URL: http://www.sergiolepri.it/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=46&Itemid=63

18. Цит. по: Andreotti G. Lo straordinario La Pira. URL: http://www.30giorni.it/it/articolo.asp?id=2931

19. Carnemolla P.A., Un cristiano siciliano. Rassegna degli studi su Giorgio La Pira (1978-1998), Studi del Centro A. Cammarata, Caltanissetta-Roma, Salvatore Sciascia, 1999.

20. См., напр.: Шрамм К. Афганистан и экспедиционная экономика: если США хотят выиграть войну с терроризмом, необходимо отложить в сторону провалившиеся теории // Независимая газета. 12.01.2011 (пер. с англ.).

21. Цит. по: U. De Siervo, G. Giovannoni, e G. Giovannoni (a cura di). Giorgio La Pira Sindaco. Scritti, discorsi e lettere, vol. I, 1951-1954. Cultura nuova editrice — Comune di Firenze, 1988. P. 107.

22. Formigoni G. La Democrazia Cristiana e l’Alleanza occidentale (1943-1953). Bologna: Il Mulino, 1996. P. 405.

23. URL: http://www.lapira.org/pop.php?file=onenews&form_id_notizia=171

24. Ibid.

25. La Pira G. Il valore delle citta’. URL: http://www.lapira.org/index2.php?file=onenews&form_id_notizia=157

26. Ibid.

27. De Siervo U., Giovannoni G., e Giovannoni G. (a cura di). Op.cit. P. 100.

28. Teresio B. La grinta cristiana di Giorgio La Pira. Copia viva del Vangelo. Elledici Editori, 2005. P. 12.

29. Ibid. P. 27.

30. Ibid. P. 27.

31. Giorgio La Pira e la Russia. Firenze: Giunti Editori, 2005. P. 99.

32. Giorgio La Pira, Beatissimo Padre. Lettere a Pio XII. Milano: Mondadori, 2004. P. 160.

33. Ibid. Р. 27–29.