ЕВРОПЕЙСКИЙ СОЮЗ В ГЛОБАЛЬНОМ УПРАВЛЕНИИ КЛИМАТИЧЕСКИМИ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯМИ: ДО И ПОСЛЕ ПАРИЖА

Начиная с 1990-х гг. Европейский союз стремится к лидерству в вопросах борьбы с глобальным изменением климата, что выражается в активном участии в переговорах по международному климатическому режиму. Впрочем, не всегда эти амбиции оказывались уместными или оправданными. Невзирая на то, что Европейскому союзу удалось достичь определенных успехов в переговорах по Киотскому протоколу и значительных результатов в процессе его ратификации, по большей части выбранная ЕС стратегия, основанная на соображениях нормативности его позиции, не возымела успеха, особенно это было очевидно во время саммита в Копенгагене. Частично причиной неудач ЕС в переговорном процессе стала особенность логики функционирования Европейского союза, в частности, склонность ориентироваться на научные данные при выработке политики, что не позволило ЕС адекватно оценить интересы других сторон. Как показали результаты переговоров по новому соглашению, прошедших на саммите сторон РКИК в декабре 2015г. в Париже, Европейскому союзу все же удалось провести работу над ошибками и сформировать широкую неформальную международную коалицию: вопреки ожиданиям, договор был подписан и в нем был учтен целый ряд предложений ЕС. Впрочем, Парижский договор не лишен целого ряда недостатков и неточностей и от того, удастся ли международному сообществу и ЕС, в частности, их своевременно устранить, будет зависеть будущее нового международного климатического режима.

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