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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">comparativepolitics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сравнительная политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative Politics Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2221-3279</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-4990</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательская группа «Юрист»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18611/2221-3279-2011-2-1(3)-89-98</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">comparativepolitics-232</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СРАВНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ПОЛИТИКА И ГЕОПОЛИТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COMPARATIVE POLITICS AND GEOPOLITICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ КОММУНИКАТИВНЫХ СТРАТЕГИЙ ТЕРРОРИСТОВ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative Analysis of Terrorists’ Communication Strategies</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Журавлев</surname><given-names>Денис Александрович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhuravliev</surname><given-names>Denis Alexandrovich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>преподаватель кафедры мировой политики и международных отношений</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of World Politics and International Relations</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный гуманитарный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State University for the Humanities</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2011</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>07</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>1(3)</issue><fpage>89</fpage><lpage>98</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Журавлев Д.А., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Журавлев Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhuravliev D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sravpol.ru/jour/article/view/232">https://www.sravpol.ru/jour/article/view/232</self-uri><abstract><p>В исследовательской литературе давно существует подход к рассмотрению терроризма как коммуникативного процесса. В связи с этим автор предлагает сравнительный анализ трех наиболее распространенных коммуникативных стратегий террористических групп, включая трансформирующуюся роль СМИ, Интернет и комбинированный подход. Автор также подтверждает наличие связи между используемой стратегией коммуникацией и структурой группировки. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>There is a wide-spread approach in a research literature to regard terrorism as a communicative process. From this point of view, the author offers a comparative analysis of the three most common communication strategies of terrorist groups, including transforming the role of the mass media, the Internet and a combined approach. The author also argues that a particular communication strategy determines a structure of a terrorist organization.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>терроризм</kwd><kwd>коммуникация</kwd><kwd>технологии</kwd><kwd>СМИ</kwd><kwd>интернет</kwd><kwd>сетевая структура</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>terrorism</kwd><kwd>communication</kwd><kwd>technology</kwd><kwd>media</kwd><kwd>internet</kwd><kwd>network structure</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">См., напр: Schmid A.P., de Graaf J. Violence as Communication: Insurgent Terrorism and the Western News Media. L. ; Beverly Hills: SAGE Publications, 1982 ; Weimann G., Winn C. The Theater of Terror: Mass Media and International Terrorism. N.Y. ; L. : Longman, 1994.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">См., напр: Schmid A.P., de Graaf J. Violence as Communication: Insurgent Terrorism and the Western News Media. L. ; Beverly Hills: SAGE Publications, 1982 ; Weimann G., Winn C. The Theater of Terror: Mass Media and International Terrorism. N.Y. ; L. : Longman, 1994.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Подробнее об эволюции терроризма во взаимосвязи с развитием СМИ см.: Журавлев Д.А. Международный терроризм и СМИ: эволюция коммуникационного взаимодействия // Вестник РГГУ. 2009. № 14. Серия «Международные отношения. Регионоведение». С. 157–169.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Подробнее об эволюции терроризма во взаимосвязи с развитием СМИ см.: Журавлев Д.А. Международный терроризм и СМИ: эволюция коммуникационного взаимодействия // Вестник РГГУ. 2009. № 14. Серия «Международные отношения. Регионоведение». 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С. 71–80.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Подробнее об эффектах освещения терроризма в СМИ см.: Журавлев Д.А. СМИ и терроризм // Общественные науки и современность. 2009. № 5. С. 71–80.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Цит. по: Хоффман Б. Терроризм: взгляд изнутри. М. : Ультра. Культура, 2003. С. 160.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Цит. по: Хоффман Б. Терроризм: взгляд изнутри. М. : Ультра. Культура, 2003. С. 160.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Conway M. Terrorism and the Making of the ‘New Middle East’: New Media Strategies of Hizbollah and al Qaeda. URL: http://doras.dcu.ie/503/1/new_media_2007.pdf (дата обращения: 03.06.2010).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Conway M. Terrorism and the Making of the ‘New Middle East’: New Media Strategies of Hizbollah and al Qaeda. URL: http://doras.dcu.ie/503/1/new_media_2007.pdf (дата обращения: 03.06.2010).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weimann G. www.terror.net: How modern Terrorism Uses the Internet. Special report № 116. March 2004 / United States Institute of Peace. P. 6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Weimann G. www.terror.net: How modern Terrorism Uses the Internet. Special report № 116. March 2004 / United States Institute of Peace. P. 6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Подробнее см: Don B.W., Freilenger D.R., Gerwehr S., Landree E., Jackson B.A. Network technologies for networked terrorists: assessing the value of information and communication technologies to modern terrorist organizations. RAND, 2007. P. 2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Подробнее см: Don B.W., Freilenger D.R., Gerwehr S., Landree E., Jackson B.A. Network technologies for networked terrorists: assessing the value of information and communication technologies to modern terrorist organizations. RAND, 2007. P. 2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hoffman B. Inside Terrorism / Rev. and expanded ed. N.Y. : Columbia University Press, 2006. P. 202.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hoffman B. Inside Terrorism / Rev. and expanded ed. N.Y. : Columbia University Press, 2006. P. 202.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ibid. P. 200–201.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ibid. P. 200–201.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ibid. P. 222.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ibid. P. 222.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Подробнее о деятельности Аль-Манара см.: Conway M. Terror TV? An Exploration of Hizbollah’s al-Manar Television // Countering terrorism and insurgency in the 21st century: international perspectives / еd. by James J.F. Forest. In 3 vols. Westport, Connecticut; L. : Praeger Security International, 2007. Vol. 2 : Combating the Sources and Facilitators. P. 401–419 ; Байлуни А.-М. Аль-Манар и АльХурра: борьба спутниковых каналов и идеологий. URL: http://www.agentura.ru/press/almanar/ (дата обращения: 03.06.2010).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Подробнее о деятельности Аль-Манара см.: Conway M. Terror TV? An Exploration of Hizbollah’s al-Manar Television // Countering terrorism and insurgency in the 21st century: international perspectives / еd. by James J.F. Forest. In 3 vols. Westport, Connecticut; L. : Praeger Security International, 2007. Vol. 2 : Combating the Sources and Facilitators. P. 401–419 ; Байлуни А.-М. Аль-Манар и АльХурра: борьба спутниковых каналов и идеологий. URL: http://www.agentura.ru/press/almanar/ (дата обращения: 03.06.2010).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Подробнее см: Hutchinson W. Information terrorism: networked influence. URL: http://scissec.scis.ecu.edu.au/proceedings/2006/iwar/Hutchinson%20-%20Information%20terrorism_%20networked%20influence.pdf (дата обращения: 03.06.2010).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Подробнее см: Hutchinson W. Information terrorism: networked influence. URL: http://scissec.scis.ecu.edu.au/proceedings/2006/iwar/Hutchinson%20-%20Information%20terrorism_%20networked%20influence.pdf (дата обращения: 03.06.2010).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rogan H. Jihadism online — A study of how al-Qaida and radical Islamist groups use the internet for terrorism purposes / Forsvarets Forskningsinstitut / Norwegian Defence Research Establishment. Kjeller (Norway), 2006. Р. 8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rogan H. Jihadism online — A study of how al-Qaida and radical Islamist groups use the internet for terrorism purposes / Forsvarets Forskningsinstitut / Norwegian Defence Research Establishment. Kjeller (Norway), 2006. Р. 8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сейджман М. Сетевые структуры терроризма. М. : Идея-пресс, 2008. С. 168.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Сейджман М. Сетевые структуры терроризма. М. : Идея-пресс, 2008. С. 168.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Там же. С. 167.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Там же. С. 167.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Там же. С. 170.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Там же. С. 170.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zanini M., Edwards S.J.A. The net-working of terror in the information age // Networks and Netwars: The Future of Terror, Crime and Militancy / Ed. by John Arquilla, David Ronfeldt. RAND; National Defense Research Institute, 2001. Р. 35–36.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zanini M., Edwards S.J.A. The net-working of terror in the information age // Networks and Netwars: The Future of Terror, Crime and Militancy / Ed. by John Arquilla, David Ronfeldt. RAND; National Defense Research Institute, 2001. Р. 35–36.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Conway M. Terrorism &amp; New Media: The Cyber Battle Space. URL: http://doras.dcu.ie/500/1/terrorism_new_media_2007.pdf (дата обращения: 03.06.2010).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Conway M. Terrorism &amp; New Media: The Cyber Battle Space. URL: http://doras.dcu.ie/500/1/terrorism_new_media_2007.pdf (дата обращения: 03.06.2010).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Цит. по: Conway M. Terrorism &amp; New Media: The Cyber Battle Space. URL: http://doras.dcu.ie/500/1/terrorism_new_media_2007.pdf (дата обращения: 03.06.2010); см. также: Arquilla J., Ronfeldt D., Zanini M. Networks, Netwar, and Information-age Terrorism // Countering the New Terrorism. RAND, 1999. P. 64.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Цит. по: Conway M. Terrorism &amp; New Media: The Cyber Battle Space. URL: http://doras.dcu.ie/500/1/terrorism_new_media_2007.pdf (дата обращения: 03.06.2010); см. также: Arquilla J., Ronfeldt D., Zanini M. Networks, Netwar, and Information-age Terrorism // Countering the New Terrorism. RAND, 1999. P. 64.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brown I. , Kor f f D. Ter ror i sm and the Proportionality of Internet Surveillance // European Journal of Criminology. Vol. 6. № 2. P. 123.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brown I. , Kor f f D. Ter ror i sm and the Proportionality of Internet Surveillance // European Journal of Criminology. Vol. 6. № 2. P. 123.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arquilla J., Ronfeldt D., Zanini M. Networks, Netwar, and Information-age Terrorism // Countering the New Terrorism. RAND, 1999. P. 65.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arquilla J., Ronfeldt D., Zanini M. Networks, Netwar, and Information-age Terrorism // Countering the New Terrorism. RAND, 1999. P. 65.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zanini M., Edwards S.J.A. Op. cit. Р. 40.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zanini M., Edwards S.J.A. Op. cit. 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