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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">comparativepolitics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сравнительная политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative Politics Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2221-3279</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-4990</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательская группа «Юрист»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18611/2221-3279-2015-6-1(18)-90-100</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">comparativepolitics-222</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕРИАЛЫ ДЛЯ ДИСКУССИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DISCUSSION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>РОССИЙСКИЙ «ЗАКОН ОБ ИНОСТРАННЫХ АГЕНТАХ»: РЕАКЦИЯ НА АМЕРИКАНСКИЙ КУРС ПО РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЮ ДЕМОКРАТИИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>RUSSIA’S ‘FOREIGN AGENT’ LAW: A RESPONSE TO AMERICAN DEMOCRATIC PROMOTION POLICY</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кумар</surname><given-names>Виджей</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kumar</surname><given-names>Vijay</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ph.D.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vijay Kumar, Ph.D., JNU, New Delhi</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sravnitpolit@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет имени Джавахарлала Неру, Нью Дели</institution><country>Индия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi</institution><country>India</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>07</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>1(18)</issue><issue-title>К 5-летию журнала «Сравнительная политика»</issue-title><fpage>90</fpage><lpage>100</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кумар В., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кумар В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kumar V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sravpol.ru/jour/article/view/222">https://www.sravpol.ru/jour/article/view/222</self-uri><abstract><p>Недавно принятый в России закон об «иностранных агентах», направленный против финансирования из-за рубежа российских НКО и гражданского общества, вызвал мощную волну критики. Многие заинтересованные участники (организации гражданского общества, НКО, страны-доноры (в частности, США и европейские страны), некоторые российские оппозиционные партии) назвали этот закон недемократичным, выразив мнение, что он призван урезать гражданские права и снизить гражданскую активность. Однако, анализируя закон об «иностранных агентах» в контексте американской политики продвижения демократии, автор данной статьи пришел к выводу, что этот закон нельзя назвать антидемократическим, нарушающим ключевые принципы верховенства права и гражданских свобод; закон следует воспринимать как естественное продолжение тех вызовов, с которыми сталкивается американская политика продвижения демократии по всему миру. Важно отметить, что обещания мира, стабильности и процветания, сделанные сторонниками продвижения демократии, не были в достаточной мере осмыслены вплоть до сегодняшнего дня. Эти обещания коренным образом отличаются от того, с чем сегодня сталкиваются страны постсоветского пространства — создание шовинистских националистических правительств в странах, где происходили цветные революции. Весь регион захлебывается в экономических проблемах, этническом национализме, подъеме религиозного фундаментализма. Недавняя отставка легитимного правительства Виктора Януковича на Украине и последующие решения действующего правительства о лишении русского языка статуса государственного можно привести как живой пример. Неслучайно бывший американский конгрессмен от республиканской партии Рон Пол заявил, что «американская система продвижения демократии разрушает демократию по всему миру». В данной статье автор заявляет, что демократия только в том случае может принести пользу, когда она созрела внутри определенного общества, а не привнесена извне вместе с некими геополитическими интересами. Оценивая мощную негативную реакцию людей на эту политику, автор данного исследования приходит к выводу, что Америке стоит переосмыслить политику продвижения демократии через спонсирование НКО, в то время как гражданскому обществу следует воспитывать политическую сознательность и ответственность за свой выбор. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Recently passed the Russian ‘Foreign Agent’ law against foreign funding of NGOs and civil society has attracted criticism from almost every quarter. From home to abroad all party concerned (i.e., civil society organizations, NGO groups, donor countries (especiallyAmericaand European countries) as well as some Russian opposition political parties) are of the view that this bill has been introduced to scuttle the independent civic activities and in this way unconstitutional. However on the basis of overall analysis of ‘Foreign Agent’ law in the context of American democratic promotion policy this paper is of the view that this law simply cannot be characterized as anti-democratic, which is against the very basis of freedom and rule of law, by the anti-democratic Russian government but it should be seen as extension of same challenge which American democratic promotion policy is facing around the whole world. It is because of its illegal and unconstitutional method of regime change policy, with the help of foreign funded NGOs, and civil society which has compelled various countries includingRussiato resort this type of law. It is important to note that the promise of peace, stability and prosperity by the democratic promotion protagonists after the fall ofSoviet Unionhas not been realised till today. Instead what post-Soviet states are witnessing today is emergence of chauvinist nationalist government in respective countries which witnessed colour revolution. Whole region is now plunging into economic turmoil, ethnic nationalism, rise of religious fundamentalism and identity politics. Recent overthrow of legitimate Viktor Yanukovych government inUkraineand subsequent decision by incumbent government to exclude Russian as administrative language can be sited as example. That is why former American Republican Congressman Ron Paul is of the view that “US‘Democracy Promotion’ Destroys Democracy Overseas’’. In this context this paper will argue that democracy can only be beneficial when it evolved from within according to the aspiration of native masses and should not be imposed from outside with certain geopolitical interest in mind. Looking at the backlash against this policy this paper will further argue that the time has come when America should think of to review the policy of democratic promotion through foreign funding and simultaneously NGOs and civil societies should instead of fulfilling the agenda of their donor counties should work for making native people politically conscious and should not let the people make sceptic even of its guanine activity. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Россия</kwd><kwd>демократия</kwd><kwd>гражданское общество</kwd><kwd>НКО</kwd><kwd>иностранный агент</kwd><kwd>политика продвижения демократии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Russia</kwd><kwd>civil society</kwd><kwd>NGO</kwd><kwd>democracy</kwd><kwd>foreign agent</kwd><kwd>democracy promotion policy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Epstein Susan B., Nina M. 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