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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">comparativepolitics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сравнительная политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative Politics Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2221-3279</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-4990</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательская группа «Юрист»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46272/2221-3279-2024-3-15-2</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">comparativepolitics-1704</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВОЕННАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ И ТЕХНОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MILITARY SECURITY AND TECHNOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Уроки балтийского направления внешней  политики стран Северной Европы в 1989-2004 гг.: актуальные параллели</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Lessons of Nordic States’ Foreign Policy in the Baltic Region 1989-2004: Relevant Analogies</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7505-2356</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белухин</surname><given-names>Н. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belukhin</surname><given-names>N. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никита Евгеньевич Белухин – младший научный сотрудник, Отдел европейских политических исследований; исполнитель проекта РНФ № 20-78-1015</p><p>117997, Москва, улица Профсоюзная, 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikita E. BELUKHIN –Junior Research Fellow, Department for European Political Studies, Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations; Participant, RSF Project No. 20-78-10159</p><p>23, Profsoyuznaya str., Moscow, Russia, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">belukhin@imemo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3374-5677</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воротников</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorotnikov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владислав Владиславович Воротников – кандидат исторических наук, доцент, и.о. заведующего Кафедрой истории и политики стран Европы и Америки; ведущий научный сотрудник, Институт международных исследований</p><p>119454, Москва, проспект Вернадского, 76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Vladislav V. VOROTNIKOV –Associate Professor, Acting Head, Department for European and American Studies; Leading Research Fellow, Institute for International Studies</p><p>76, Prospect Vernadskogo, Moscow, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.vorotnikov@my.mgimo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ИМЭМО им. Е.М. Примакова РАН; МГИМО МИД России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>IMEMO RAS; MGIMO-University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГИМО МИД России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MGIMO-University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title>Преддверие глобального конфликта  или contra spem spero?</issue-title><elocation-id>46–71</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Белухин Н.Е., Воротников В.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Белухин Н.Е., Воротников В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Belukhin N.E., Vorotnikov V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sravpol.ru/jour/article/view/1704">https://www.sravpol.ru/jour/article/view/1704</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье представлен сравнительный анализ (кейс-метод) отношений стран Северной Европы со странами Балтии в 1989-2004 г. и с Украиной с 2014 г. по настоящее время. Цель исследования – выявить соотношение преемственности и трансформации в североевропейской дипломатии и ее задачах на постсоветском пространстве. Источником исследования послужили опубликованные материалы «Горбачев-Фонда», материалы Архива внешней политики Российской Федерации и воспоминания бригадного генерала М.Х. Клеммесена, курировавшего военное сотрудничество Дании со странами Балтии в 1990-х гг. Авторами рассмотрены сохранявшееся на заключительном этапе холодной войны и в условиях расширения контактов стран Северной Европы и обретших независимость стран Балтии значение «северного баланса», а также постоянное взаимодействие северных стран с ЕС и НАТО. Как в случае с поддержкой стран Балтии во время распада СССР и ослабления России, так и с началом Специальной военной операции Российской Федерации на Украине, страны Северной Европы, несмотря на принципиально разную военнополитическую ситуацию, приняли схожие шаги по отказу от прежней умеренности внешней политики, пересмотру внешнеполитических и оборонных концепций и большей интеграции в евроатлантические структуры. Главной же движущей силой как нынешнего содействия Украине со стороны Северной Европы, так и балто-скандинавского сотрудничества в 19892004 гг. остаются задачи противодействия России и ограничения ее сферы влияния. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is devoted to the comparative case-study of the relations between the Nordic and Baltic countries in 1989-2004 and with Ukraine from 2014 to the present day. The aim of the article is to identify change and continuity trends in Nordic states foreign policies and their tasks towards the post-Soviet space. The research is based on the published sources of the Gorbachev Foundation, documents of the Archive of the Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation and the memoirs of Brigadier General Michael H. Klemmesen, who was in charge of the military cooperation between Denmark and the Baltic countries in the 1990s. During the ending stage of the Cold War and in the context of growing contacts between Northern European states and the newly independent Baltic states, the Nordic balance and the constant interaction of the Nordic countries with the EU and NATO remained highly important. In both cases regarding the support for the Baltic countries during the collapse of the USSR and the weakening of Russia, and with the start of a Special military operation of the Russian Federation in Ukraine, the countries of Northern Europe despite the fundamentally different security situations took similar steps to abandon previous prudence, to revise foreign policy and defense concepts and expand cooperation with the EU and NATO as pillars of the Euro-Atlantic community. The main driving force behind providing military assistance to the Ukraine and contemporary Baltic-Scandinavian cooperation remains the same as in 1989-2004 that is to counter Russia and limit its sphere of influence.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>финляндизация</kwd><kwd>страны Балтии</kwd><kwd>Балтийский регион</kwd><kwd>нейтралитет</kwd><kwd>Северная Европа</kwd><kwd>Специальная военная операция (СВО)</kwd><kwd>региональная идентичность</kwd><kwd>европейская безопасность</kwd><kwd>тотальная оборона</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Finlandization</kwd><kwd>Baltic countries</kwd><kwd>Baltic region</kwd><kwd>neutrality</kwd><kwd>Nordic countries</kwd><kwd>special military operation (SMO)</kwd><kwd>regional identity</kwd><kwd>European security</kwd><kwd>total defense</kwd><kwd>strategic culture</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда (проект № 20-78-10159 «Феномен стратегической культуры в мировой политике: специфика влияния на политику безопасности (на примере государств Скандинавско-Балтийского региона)» (https://rscf.ru/project/23-78-50012/).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was supported by the Russian Science Foundation grant № 20-78-10159 "The Phenomenon of Strategic Culture in World Politics: The Peculiarity of Influence on Security Policy (on the Example of the Scandinavian-Baltic Region States)" (https://rscf.ru/ project/23-78-50012/).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">АВП РФ. 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