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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">comparativepolitics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сравнительная политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative Politics Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2221-3279</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-4990</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательская группа «Юрист»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46272/2221-3279-2024-15-4-21</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">comparativepolitics-1670</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>США В ПОСТАМЕРИКАНСКОМ МИРЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THE UNITED STATES IN THE POST-AMERICAN WORLD</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>«Град на холме» перед лицом значимых вызовов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>"City upon a Hill" in the Face of Significant Challenges</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2660-481X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаман-Голутвина</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaman-Golutvina</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Оксана Викторовна Гаман-Голутвина – член-корреспондент РАН, заведующая кафедрой сравнительной политологии, МГИМО МИД России; президент Российской ассоциации политической науки; профессор, НИУ ВШЭ; главный редактор журнала «Сравнительная политика», член Общественной палаты РФ и ОП Москвы, заместитель председателя Общественного Совета при Минобрнауки РФ.</p><p>119454, Москва, пр-т Вернадского, д. 76</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Oksana V. Gaman-Golutvina – Corresponding Member, Russian Academy of Sciences; Head, Department of Comparative Politics, MGIMO University; President, Russian Association of Political Science; Professor, National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE University); Editor-in-Chief, “Comparative Politics Russia” Journal; Member, Public Chamber of the Russian Federation and the Public Council under the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation.</p><p>76 Prospect Vernadskogo, Moscow, 119454</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ogaman@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГИМО МИД России, НИУ ВШЭ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MGIMO University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title>США в постамериканском мире</issue-title><fpage>4</fpage><lpage>21</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гаман-Голутвина О.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гаман-Голутвина О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gaman-Golutvina O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sravpol.ru/jour/article/view/1670">https://www.sravpol.ru/jour/article/view/1670</self-uri><abstract><p>В обзоре главного редактора, представляющего посвященный американской политике выпуск, предложен контекст для рассмотрения кризисных процессов в американском социуме, исследуемых в статьях. Автор полагает, что этот кризис необходимо рассматривать в контексте концепции циклов американской истории, поскольку не исключено, что данный кризис имеет циклический характер. Многие нынешние коллизии США восходят к сходному источнику, каковым выступает острый внутриэлитный конфликт, вовлекающий в свою орбиту и значительную часть общества. Этот конфликт по своей глубине необычен, если учесть, что на протяжении многих десятилетий «фирменным знаком» американского политического класса был его консенсусный характер. Одним из важных элементов данного консенсуса можно считать безусловную ориентацию на глобальное американское лидерство и общую приверженность членов сообщества силовым императивам во внешней политике – либо классической жесткой, либо гибкой силе. Среди истоков преемственности американской внешней политики – ряд факторов. Это устойчивость институциональных механизмов принятия решений, которые, в свою очередь, базируются на устойчивой системе представительства доминирующих интересов; стабильность формальных и неформальных институтов, обеспечивающих высокую степень сплоченности элиты, и специфика американской политической культуры, в основе которой – комплекс политических и философских воззрений мессианского характера. Консенсусный характер политической элиты выступал системообразующим основанием либеральной демократии, поэтому слом консенсуса может повлечь – и частично уже повлек за собой – дестабилизацию политической системы США.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The editor-in-chief proposes a context for examining the crisis processes in American society explored in the articles. The author suggests that this crisis should be viewed in the context of the American history cycles. Many of the current conflicts in the USA have a similar internal source, which is a sharp intra-elite conflict involving a significant part of society. This conflict is unusual in its depth, given that for many decades the «trademark» of the American political class has been its consensus character. One important element of this consensus can be seen as an unquestioned focus on global American leadership and a shared commitment among members of the community to the force imperatives in foreign policy – either the classic “hard” or “flexible” power. Among the sources of American foreign policy continuity are a number of factors. First, it is the stability of institutional mechanisms of decision-making, which, in turn, is based on a stable system of representation of dominant interests. Second, the stability of formal and informal institutions that ensure a high degree of elite cohesion; and the specificity of American political culture, which is based on a set of political and philosophical views of messianic nature. The consensual nature of the political elite was the system-forming basis of liberal democracy, so the breakdown of this consensus may entail – and partially has already entailed – a crisis of the US political system.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>США</kwd><kwd>внешняя политика</kwd><kwd>политические элиты</kwd><kwd>политическая культура</kwd><kwd>цикличность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>USA</kwd><kwd>foreign policy</kwd><kwd>political elites</kwd><kwd>political culture</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Баталов Э.Я. (2014) Американская политическая мысль ХХ века. 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