comparativepoliticsСравнительная политикаComparative Politics Russia2221-32792412-4990Издательская группа «Юрист»10.46272/2221-3279-2023-4-14-102-119comparativepolitics-1623Research ArticleНАУЧНЫЙ ДЕБЮТSCIENTIFIC DEBUTПольский авторитарно-популистский поворот «Права и справедливости»: сущностно-идейные основы и последствияPolish Authoritarian Turn of "Law and Justice": Essential and Ideological Foundations and ConsequencesМирзаджановТ. Э.MirzadzhanovT. E.

Тамерлан Эльдарович Мирзаджанов — соискатель кафедры сравнительной политологии, МГИМО МИД России

Tamerlan E. Mirzadzhanov — PhD Student, Department of Comparative Political Science, MGIMO University

mrgamer1@rambler.ruМГИМО МИД РоссииРоссияMGIMO UniversityRussian Federation202301042024144«Старый свет» в новом мире102119Copyright © Мирзаджанов Т.Э., 20242024Мирзаджанов Т.Э.Mirzadzhanov T.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.sravpol.ru/jour/article/view/1623

В статье анализируются основания платформы «Права и справедливости» (Prawo i Sprawiedliwość, ПиС) с точки зрения ее авторитарно- популистской направленности, истоков ее взглядов, идеологической направленности и программных пунктов. В исследовании наглядно показаны прямые последствия антидемократических реформ, предпринятых ПиС в сферах реформирования и регулирования деятельности Конституционного суда, прав человека, деятельности и направленности средств массовой информации, новостных агентств. Эти губительные шаги, предпринятые партией, имели четко прослеживаемые последствия, а также ожидаемо вызвали шквал критики подобных реформ. Это произошло как внутри страны, в среде польской оппозиции и общественных активистов, так и за рубежом, в среде иностранных политиков и общественных организаций, что подробно освещается в рамках данной работы. Цель статьи – комплексное описание и анализ авторитарных тенденций, ставших результатом возведения националистически окрашенного популизма ПиС в ранг государственной правящей идеологии. Для проведения подобного исследования пространство политических событий делится на три условные условные категории. Во-первых, это предпосылки авторитарной ориентации ПиС, вытекающие из ее общей приверженности авторитарно-популистскому образу мира. Во-вторых, это установки, императивы и планы, проявляющиеся в формировании и очерчивании ПиС проблемно-политических ситуаций, в поиске политических и управленческих решений. В-третьих, это преобразования и реакция на них в политическом пространстве.

The article examines the foundational principles of the Law and Justice (Prawo i Sprawiedliwość, PiS) party, focusing on its authoritarian-populist stance, ideological roots, and policy objectives. It delves into the repercussions of PiS's anti-democratic measures, particularly in the arear of the Constitutional Court, human rights, and protection of human rights, and control over media outlets and news agencies. These actions have led to visible and anticipated outcomes, sparking widespread criticism both domestically, from Polish opposition groups and activists, and internationally, from foreign politicians and organizations. The article aims to provide a thorough description and examination of the ongoing political dynamics within the country, specifically the authoritarian trends stemming from PiS's nationalist-imbued populism being elevated to the status of the state's governing ideology. The study segments the political landscape into three distinct categories: the underlying factors driving PiS's authoritarian trajectory rooted in its overarching authoritarian-populist worldview, the attitudes, imperatives, and strategies shaping PiS's policy responses and problem-solving approaches, and the political shifts observed as a consequence of these dynamics.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.