comparativepoliticsСравнительная политикаComparative Politics Russia2221-32792412-4990Издательская группа «Юрист»10.46272/2221-3279-2022-1-2-13-116-138comparativepolitics-1530Research ArticleВОПРОСЫ СТРАНОВЕДЕНИЯ В КОМПАРАТИВИСТСКОМ ИЗМЕРЕНИИ: КИТАЙ В МИРОВОЙ ПОЛИТИКЕСтатус Тайваня и эволюция тайваньской идентичностиStatus of Taiwan and the Evolution of Taiwanese Identityhttps://orcid.org/0009-0009-9299-1430КаимоваА. С.KaimovaA. S.

Анна Сергеевна Каимова – кандидат исторических наук, доцент кафедры истории Китая, Институт стран Азии и Африки (ИСАА), МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова

125009, Москва, ул. Моховая, д. 11, стр. 1.

Dr. Anna S. Kaimova – Assistant Professor, Department of History of China, Institute of Asian and African Studies, Moscow State University

11c1 Mokhovaya st., Moscow, Russia, 125009

annansja@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-1164ДенисовИ. Е.DenisovI. E.

Игорь Евгеньевич Денисов – старший научный сотрудник Центра исследований Восточной Азии и ШОС Института международных исследований, МГИМО МИД России

119454, Москва, пр-т Вернадского, д. 76

Dr. Igor E. Denisov – Senior Research Fellow, Center for East Asian and SCO Studies, Institute for International Studies, MGIMO University

76 Prospect Vernadskogo, Moscow, Russia, 119454

iedenisov@yahoo.comМГУ им. М.В. ЛомоносоваРоссияMoscow State UniversityRussian FederationМГИМО МИД РоссииРоссияMGIMO UniversityRussian Federation202216102023131-2116138Copyright © Каимова А.С., Денисов И.Е., 20232023Каимова А.С., Денисов И.Е.Kaimova A.S., Denisov I.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.sravpol.ru/jour/article/view/1530

Тайваньский вопрос, возникший в результате гражданской войны в Китае, определяет не только сложный комплекс отношений Пекина и Тайбэя, но и серьезно влияет на безопасность и стабильность в Азиатско-Тихоокеанском регионе. Настоящая статья рассматривает эволюцию статуса Тайваня и тайваньской идентичности в контексте растущего геополитического противостояния КНР и США. Исследование сосредоточено на анализе исторических, политических и культурных факторов, формирующих тайваньскую идентичность. Данный подход позволяет по-новому посмотреть на последние тенденции в отношениях двух берегов Тайваньского пролива, преодолев прежние бинарные идеологические оценки. Авторы подчеркивают роль исторического наследия, включая китайское культурное влияние, полинезийскую культуру, японский колониальный период и взаимодействие острова с США, в формировании уникальной гибридной тайваньской идентичности. В ходе анализа сделан вывод, что проблема Тайваня обостряется не только из-за все более активной поддержки «сепаратистских сил» на острове со стороны США, но и в силу самой логики великодержавной конкуренции. Тайвань стремится использовать сложившуюся глобальную неопределенность для укрепления своего статуса и демонстрации субъектности. Результаты исследования показывают, что в контексте острой американо-китайской конкуренции манифестация тайваньской идентичности многократно увеличивается. В долгосрочной перспективе это осложняет поиск мирного решения тайваньского вопроса. Сделанный в ходе исследования вывод актуален для понимания и прогнозирования дальнейшей динамики ситуации в Тайваньском проливе.

The Taiwan issue, which originated from China’s civil war, not only defines the complex relationship between Beijing and Taipei but also has significant implications for security and stability in the Asia-Pacific region. The article examines the evolution of Taiwan’s status and the formation of Taiwanese identity within the context of the escalating geopolitical confrontation between China and the United States. The study focuses on historical, political, and cultural factors that have shaped Taiwanese identity, offering a fresh perspective that goes beyond previous binary ideological assessments. The authors highlight the influential role of historical heritage, including Chinese cultural influence, Polynesian culture, the Japanese colonial period, and Taiwan’s interaction with the United States, in shaping a unique hybrid Taiwanese identity. The analysis presented in the paper makes it evident that the Taiwan issue is not only intensified by the increasing US support for «separatist forces» on the island but also by the inherent dynamics of great-power competition. Taiwan aims to leverage global uncertainty to strengthen its international standing and assert its own agency. The findings of this study demonstrate that amid the intense US-Chinese competition, the expression of Taiwanese identity becomes magnified, thereby further complicating the pursuit of a peaceful resolution to the Taiwan issue in the long run. The conclusion derived from this research is relevant for understanding and forecasting the future dynamics of the situation in the Taiwan Strait.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.