<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">comparativepolitics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сравнительная политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative Politics Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2221-3279</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-4990</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательская группа «Юрист»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24411/2221-3279-2021-10010</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">comparativepolitics-1261</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ ЛОКАЛЬНОГО ОПЫТА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LOCAL CASES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Развитие института лоббизма в постсоциалистических странах Евросоюза: сравнительный анализ словенской и польской моделей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lobbying Development in Post-Socialist Countries of the European Union: Comparative Analysis of Slovenian and Polish Models</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каневский</surname><given-names>П. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kanevsky</surname><given-names>P. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павел Сергеевич Каневский,  кандидат политических наук, доцент кафедры политологии и социологии политических процессов</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel S. Kanevsky, Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Political Science and Sociology of Political Processes</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kanevskiy@socio.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>11</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title>ЛОГИКА НОВОЙ МИРОУСТРОИТЕЛЬНОЙ АРХИТЕКТОНИКИ И ПОИСК КИТАЕМ СВОЕГО МЕСТА (II)</issue-title><fpage>134</fpage><lpage>148</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Каневский П.С., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Каневский П.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kanevsky P.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sravpol.ru/jour/article/view/1261">https://www.sravpol.ru/jour/article/view/1261</self-uri><abstract><p>Данная статья посвящена развитию лоббизма в постсоциалистических странах Центральной и Восточной Европы (ЦВЕ), ставших членами Европейского союза. Это важная и в то же время малоисследованная составляющая политических систем данного региона. Рассматриваемые в данной статье модели лоббизма в Словении и Польше отчетливо показывают, что единой траектории развития лоббистских отношений в постсоциалистических странах не существует. Показано, что на характер взаимодействий между группами интересов и органами власти прямо влияют следующие факторы: динамика и состояние системы групп интересов, особенности сложившегося механизма взаимодействия между группами интересов и органами власти, европеизация политики, а также нюансы государственного регулирования лоббизма. Автор приходит к нескольким основным выводам: 1) Хотя обе страны унаследовали традицию неформальных контактов в процессе принятия решений, корпоративистская модель взаимодействия групп интересов и органов власти в Словении привела к становлению более прочной и стабильной системы групп интересов, чем в Польше, которая сразу пошла по пути неолиберальных преобразований; 2) Европеизация политики по-разному отразилась на состоянии лоббистских отношений на национальном уровне, способствуя их развитию в случае Словении и оказав незначительный эффект в случае Польши; 3) Хотя основное количество лоббистских контактов происходит в недрах исполнительной власти, основными посредниками между группами интересов и властью в обеих случаях являются политические партии, 4) Ни одну из рассматриваемых стран нельзя назвать идеальной моделью с точки зрения регулирования лоббизма, однако Словения продвинулась дальше Польше, используя более прозрачную систему регистрации и отчетности для лоббистов и официальных лиц, а также регулируя ряд косвенных форм лоббизма; вместе с тем, в обеих странах основная часть лоббистских отношений остается в тени, а регулирование, направленное только на профессиональных лоббистов, не является достаточно эффективным.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In order to promote industrialization and improve the living standards of the population in the Sub-Current article is dedicated to lobbying development in post-socialist EU member states from Central andEastern Europe. This is an important and at the same time insufficiently studied aspect of political systems in CEE. Models of lobbying inSloveniaandPolandthat are analyzed in the article, demonstrate that there is no single vector of lobbying development in postsocialist countries. It is shown that interaction between interest groups and decision makers is influenced by following factors: dynamics and state of interest group systems, mechanism of interaction between interest groups and decision makers, Europeanization of politics, and particularities of lobbying regulation. Author comes to several conclusions: 1) Both countries have inherited tradition of informal political relations, but there is difference between corporatist model in Slovenia that resulted in more stable interest group system and Polish neoliberal model that gave birth to more conflict driven interest group system; 2) Europeanization of politics had different impact on the state of lobbying on national level, fostering its development in Slovenian case and having little impact in Poland; 3) Although majority of lobbying is happening in the executive branch, parties are the main mediators between interest groups and decision making; 4) Neither of analyzed countries are ideal in terms of lobbying regulation. However,Sloveniadid progress further in comparison withPoland, using more transparent registration and reporting for lobbyists and officials and also regulating indirect forms of lobbying; at the same time most of lobbying takes places in shadows while regulation aimed only at professional consultants is not efficient enough.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лоббизм</kwd><kwd>группы интересов</kwd><kwd>постсоциалистические политические системы</kwd><kwd>европеизация политики</kwd><kwd>корпоративизм</kwd><kwd>плюрализм</kwd><kwd>регулирование лоббизма</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lobbying</kwd><kwd>interest groups</kwd><kwd>post-socialist political systems</kwd><kwd>Europeanization of politics</kwd><kwd>corporatism</kwd><kwd>pluralism</kwd><kwd>regulation of lobbying</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алмонд Г., Пауэлл Дж., Стром К., Далтон Р. Сравнительная политология сегодня. Мировой обзор. М., 2002. С. 136-138 [Almond, G.; Powell, J.; Strom, K.; Dalton, R. Sravnitel’naia politologiia segodnia. Mirovoi obzor. Moscow, 2002, pp. 136-138.]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Almond, G. A Comparative Study of Interest Groups and the Political Process // The American Political Science Review. 1958, Vol. 52, No. 1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Almond, G. A Comparative Study of Interest Groups and the Political Process // The American Political Science Review. 1958, Vol. 52, No. 1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Almond, G.; Powell, J.; Strom, K.; Dalton, R. Sravnitel’naia politologiia segodnia. Mirovoi obzor. Moscow, 2002, pp. 136-138.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Blavoukos, S.; Pagoulatos, G. Enlargement Waves and Interest Group Participation in the EU Policy-Making System: Establishing a Framework of Analysis // West European Politics, 2008, Vol. 31, No. 6, pp. 1147-1165.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Blavoukos, S.; Pagoulatos, G. Enlargement Waves and Interest Group Participation in the EU Policy-Making System: Establishing a Framework of Analysis // West European Politics, 2008, Vol. 31, No. 6, pp. 1147-1165.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bohle, D.; Greskovits, B. The State, Internationalization, and Capitalist Diversity in Eastern Europe // Competition &amp; Change, 2007, Vol. 11, No. 2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bohle, D.; Greskovits, B.The State, Internationalization, and Capitalist Diversity in Eastern Europe // Competition &amp; Change, 2007, Vol. 11, No. 2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Crowley, S.; Ost, D. Workers after Workers’ States: Labor and Politics in Post-communist Eastern Europe. Oxford, 2001.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Crowley, S.; Ost, D. Workers after Workers’ States: Labor and Politics in Post-communist Eastern Europe. Oxford, 2001.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fink-Hafner, D. Interest Representation in Postcommunist Parliaments over Two Decades // Legislative Studies, 2011, Vol. 17, No. 2, pp. 215-233.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fink-Hafner, D. Interest Representation in Postcommunist Parliaments over Two Decades // Legislative Studies, 2011, Vol. 17, No. 2, pp. 215-233.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fink-Hafner, D. Organized Interests in the PolicyMaking Process in Slovenia // Journal of European Public Policy, 1998, Vol. 5, No. 2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fink-Hafner, D. Organized Interests in the PolicyMaking Process in Slovenia // Journal of European Public Policy, 1998, Vol. 5, No. 2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fink-Hafner, D.; Hafner-Fink, M.; Novak, M. Europeanisation as a Factor of National Interest Group Political-Cultural Change: The Case of Interest Groups in Slovenia // East European Politics and Societies and Cultures, 2015, Vol. 29, No. 1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fink-Hafner, D.; Hafner-Fink, M.; Novak, M. Europeanisation as a Factor of National Interest Group Political-Cultural Change: The Case of Interest Groups in Slovenia // East European Politics and Societies and Cultures, 2015, Vol. 29, No. 1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gwiazda, A. Democracy in Poland: Representation, Participation, Competition and Accountability since 1989. Routledge, 2015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gwiazda, A. Democracy in Poland: Representation, Participation, Competition and Accountability since 1989. Routledge, 2015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Holman, C.; Luneburg, W. Lobbying and Transparency: A Comparative Analysis of Regulatory Reform // Interest Groups &amp; Advocacy. 2012, Vol. 1., No 1, pp. 75-104.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Holman, C.; Luneburg, W. Lobbying and Transparency: A Comparative Analysis of Regulatory Reform // Interest Groups &amp; Advocacy. 2012, Vol. 1., No 1, pp. 75-104.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hrebenar, R.; Morgan, B. Lobbying in America: A Reference Handbook. ABC-CLIO, 2009.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hrebenar, R.; Morgan, B. Lobbying in America: A Reference Handbook. ABC-CLIO, 2009.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kavoliunaite-Ragauskiene, E. How to Define a Lobbyist: Experience of Poland and Lithuania // Croatian and Comparative Public Administration, 2017, Vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 29-56.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kavoliunaite-Ragauskiene, E. How to Define a Lobbyist: Experience of Poland and Lithuania // Croatian and Comparative Public Administration, 2017, Vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 29-56.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McGrath, C. The Development and Regulation of Lobbying in the New Member States of the European Union // Journal of Public Affairs, 2008, No. 8, pp. 15-32.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McGrath, C. The Development and Regulation of Lobbying in the New Member States of the European Union // Journal of Public Affairs, 2008, No. 8, pp. 15-32.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Millar, C.; Koppl, P. Perspectives, Practices and Prospects of Public Affairs in Central and Eastern Europe: a Lobbying Future Anchored in an Institutional Context // Journal of Public Affairs, 2014, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 4-17</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Millar, C.; Koppl, P. Perspectives, Practices and Prospects of Public Affairs in Central and Eastern Europe: a Lobbying Future Anchored in an Institutional Context // Journal of Public Affairs, 2014, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 4-17.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mulcahy, S. Lobbying in Europe. Hidden Influence, Privileged Access. Transparency International, 2015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mulcahy, S. Lobbying in Europe. Hidden Influence, Privileged Access. Transparency International, 2015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rees, N.; Paraskevopoulos, C. Europeanization of Policy-Making and Domestic Governance Structures in Regional Policy: Cohesion and CEE Countries / Adapting to EU Multi-Level Governance. Ed. by Paraskevopoulos C., Getimis P., Rees N. London, 2006, 336 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rees, N.; Paraskevopoulos, C. Europeanization of Policy-Making and Domestic Governance Structures in Regional Policy: Cohesion and CEE Countries / Adapting to EU Multi-Level Governance. Ed. by Paraskevopoulos C., Getimis P., Rees N. London, 2006, 336 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sallai, D. European Union Lobbying and the Golden Cage of Post-Socialist Network Capitalism in Hungary // Journal of Common Market Studies, 2013, Vol. 51, No. 5, pp. 948-964.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sallai, D. European Union Lobbying and the Golden Cage of Post-Socialist Network Capitalism in Hungary Journal of Common Market Studies, 2013, Vol. 51, No. 5, pp. 948-964.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stanojevic, M. Slovenia: Neo-corporatism under the Neoliberal Turn // Employee Relations, 2018, Vol. 40, No. 4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stanojevic, M. Slovenia: Neo-corporatism under the Neoliberal Turn // Employee Relations, 2018, Vol. 40, No. 4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
