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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">comparativepolitics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сравнительная политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative Politics Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2221-3279</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-4990</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательская группа «Юрист»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24411/2221-3279-2020-10046</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">comparativepolitics-1236</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ КОНЦЕПЦИЙ И ИНСТИТУТОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CONCEPTS AND INSTITUTIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Капитализм или социализм сравнительный анализ философии Сунь Ятсена и Ленина</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Capitalism or Socialism: A Comparative Analysis of Sun Yat-Sen and Lenin</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шувэй</surname><given-names>Хуэй-Лин</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Hsieh</surname><given-names>Jui-Ling</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант, Факультет политологии</p><p>Тайбэй, Тайвань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD Candidate, Department of Political Science</p><p>Taipei, Taiwan </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hsiehjuiling@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Национальный Тайваньский университет<country>Китай</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National Taiwan University<country>China</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>11</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title>ЛОГИКА НОВОЙ МИРОУСТРОИТЕЛЬНОЙ АРХИТЕКТОНИКИ И ПОИСК КИТАЕМ СВОЕГО МЕСТА (I)</issue-title><fpage>27</fpage><lpage>41</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шувэй Х., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шувэй Х.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Hsieh J.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sravpol.ru/jour/article/view/1236">https://www.sravpol.ru/jour/article/view/1236</self-uri><abstract><p>Исследование направлено на то, чтобы представить глубокую перспективу дебатов между двумя лагерями в начале 20-го века: китайской буржуазной революционной идеологией, представленной Сунь Ятсеном (孫中), и марксизмом, представленным Лениным. Исследуя речь Сунь Ят-сена «Принципы жизни народа и социальная революция» и статью Ленина «Демократия и народничество в Китае», которая является ответом на речь Сунь Ятсена, данное исследование пытается пересмыслить природу воззрений китайского буржуазного революционера. В исследовании сначала показано, как в речи Сунь Ятсена выражены его взгляды на капитализм, дано определение принципа жизнеобеспечения людей и обосновано появление его требования равенства прав на землю. Затем обсуждается оценка Лениным выступления Сунь Ятсена. Таким образом, представлены различные взгляды Сунь Ятсена и Ленина на стадии капитализма, средства и силы социальной революции и решение земельной проблемы. В исследовании показывается, что раскол между Китайской Национальной Партии (Гоминьдан) и Коммунистической партией Китая (КПК) в 1927 году был вызван не столько «предатель ством» Гоминьдана революционного пути, сколько фундаментальным различием между идеями Сунь Ятсена и марксизмом. Хотя идеология Сунь Ятсена имеет антикапиталистический компонент, он обращал внимание на использование механизма государства, а не общества в качестве инструмента, и примирение, а не революцию для уменьшения разрыва между богатыми и бедными. Такой подход позволяет пересмотреть особенности развития Китая в настоящее время.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This study aims to provide a deep perspective on the debate between two camps in the beginning of the 20th century: the Chinese bourgeois revolutionary ideology represented by Sun Yat-sen (孫中山) and Marxism represented by Lenin. By studying Sun Yat-sen’s speech “Principles of People’s Livelihood and Social Revolution” and Lenin’s article “Democracy and Narodism in China,” which is in response to Sun Yat sen’s speech, this research attempts to reassess the nature of the Chinese bourgeois revolutionary road represented by the thoughts of Sun Yat-sen and remind researchers of the difficult choices between capitalist and socialist development in China as a latecomer country. This study first explains how Sun Yat-sen’s speech expressed his views on capitalism, the definition of the Principle of People’s Livelihood, and his claim of the equalization of land rights. Then, Lenin’s evaluation of Sun Yat-sen’s speech is discussed. The different views of Sun Yat-sen and Lenin on the stage of capitalism, the means and power of social revolution, and the solution of the land problem are thus presented. This study argues that the split between the Chinese Nationalist Party (KMT) and the Communist Party of China (CPC) in 1927 came less from the KMT’s betrayal of the revolutionary road than from the fundamental difference between Sun Yat-sen’s thoughts and Marxism. Although the ideology of Sun Yat-sen has an anti-capitalist component, he paid attention to the use of the state, rather than the society as a tool, and reconciliation, rather than revolution to ease the gap between the rich and the poor brought by capitalism. This thinking compels us to reconsider the particularity of the development path of China.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>капитализм</kwd><kwd>Марксизм</kwd><kwd>Сунь Ятсен</kwd><kwd>Ленин</kwd><kwd>развитие</kwd><kwd>социальная революция</kwd><kwd>уравнивание земельных прав</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>capitalism</kwd><kwd>Marxism</kwd><kwd>Sun Yat-sen</kwd><kwd>Lenin</kwd><kwd>development</kwd><kwd>social revolution</kwd><kwd>equalization of land rights</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chang Yansheng, “San min zhu yi pi pan (Criticism of the Three Principles of the People),” in Chang Yansheng, Forgotten Scholars: Essays on Educational Politics by Chang Yansheng (Taipei City: Independent Writer, 2016).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chang Yansheng, “San min zhu yi pi pan (Criticism of the Three Principles of the People),” in Chang Yansheng, Forgotten Scholars: Essays on Educational Politics by Chang Yansheng (Taipei City: Independent Writer, 2016).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chiang Kai-shek, “Su e zai zhong guo (Soviet Russia in China),” in Qin Xiaoyi eds., Zong tong jiang gong si xiang yan lun zong ji (President Chiang Kai-shek’s Thought and Speech Collection), vol. 9 (Taipei City: Party History Society of the Central Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang, 1984).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chiang Kai-shek, “Su e zai zhong guo (Soviet Russia in China),” in Qin Xiaoyi eds., Zong tong jiang gong si xiang yan lun zong ji (President Chiang Kai-shek’s Thought and Speech Collection), vol. 9 (Taipei City: Party History Society of the Central Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang, 1984).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chiang Kai-shek, “Zhong guo jing ji xue shuo (Theory of Chinese Economics),” in Qin Xiaoyi eds., Zong tong jiang gong si xiang yan lun zong ji (President Chiang Kaishek’s Thought and Speech Collection), vol. 5 (Taipei City: Party History Society of the Central Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang, 1984).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chiang Kai-shek, “Zhong guo jing ji xue shuo (Theory of Chinese Economics),” in Qin Xiaoyi eds., Zong tong jiang gong si xiang yan lun zong ji (President Chiang Kaishek’s Thought and Speech Collection), vol. 5 (Taipei City: Party History Society of the Central Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang, 1984).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lenin, V. “Democracy and Narodism in China,” in Stepan Apresyan trans., Lenin Collected Works, vol. 18 (Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1978).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lenin, V. “Democracy and Narodism in China,” in Stepan Apresyan trans., Lenin Collected Works, vol. 18 (Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1978).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lenin, V. 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