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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">comparativepolitics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сравнительная политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative Politics Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2221-3279</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-4990</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательская группа «Юрист»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24411/2221-3279-2020-10040</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">comparativepolitics-1161</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕРИАЛЫ ДЛЯ ДИСКУССИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DISCUSSION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ВНУТРЕННИЙ ВЗГЛЯД НА ПОЛИТИЧЕСКУЮ ИСТОРИЮ РОССИИ 1990-х ГОДОВ КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТ ДЕМИФОЛОГИЗАЦИИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>INSIDE VIEW ON POLITICAL HISTORY OF RUSSIA IN THE 1990s AS A TOOL OF DEMYTHOLOGIZATION</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вяткин</surname><given-names>И. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Viatkin</surname><given-names>I. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Илья Олегович Вяткин </p><p> студент образовательной программы “Политология и Мировая Политика”, Департамент Прикладной Политологии, Санкт-Петербургская школа социальных наук и востоковедения</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilia O. Viatkin, student of the educational program “Political Science and World Politics”, Department of Applied Political Science, St. Petersburg School of Social Sciences and Area Studies</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">iovyatkin@edu.hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maksimov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Артем Владимирович Максимов </p><p>студент образовательной программы “Политология и Мировая Политика”, Департамент Прикладной Политологии, Санкт-Петербургская школа социальных наук и востоковедения</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artem V. Maksimov, student of the educational program “Political Science and World Politics”, Department of Applied Political Science, St. Petersburg School of Social Sciences and Area Studies</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avmaksimov_1@edu.hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research University “Higher School of Economics”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title>СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ: ТЕОРИЯ И ПРАКТИКА СРАВНИТЕЛЬНОГО АНАЛИЗА ОТВЕТОВ НА ВНЕШНИЕ И ВНУТРЕННИЕ ВЫЗОВЫ</issue-title><fpage>112</fpage><lpage>129</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Вяткин И.О., Максимов А.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Вяткин И.О., Максимов А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Viatkin I.O., Maksimov A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sravpol.ru/jour/article/view/1161">https://www.sravpol.ru/jour/article/view/1161</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью данного исследования является обнаружение причин, почему период девяностых годов российской истории XX века окружен целой плеядой стереотипов, мифов, объединенных клише «лихие девяностые». Также в этой работе делается попытка проанализировать, насколько субъективны по своей природе наиболее распространенные из этих мифов.</p><p>В связи с этим, первую часть работы занимает обзор литературы, посвященной природе социальной «мифологизации» исторических событий, на основе которого делаются выводы о значимости субъективной трактовки прошлого («конструирования истории») как инструмента легитимизации настоящего, прежде всего политического. Кроме того, обзор обнаруживает ряд устойчивых исторических нарративов, ассоциирующимися с 1990-ми годами, эксплицитно и имплицитно циркулирующих в российском политическом дискурсе.</p><p>Методологической основой работы выступают глубинные интервью с людьми, занимавшими посты в органах российской государственной власти в 1990-е. В результате проведения интервью, жизненные трудности, с которыми столкнулось большинство граждан на протяжение 1990-х годов, вкупе с использованием негативно окрашенного идеологического штампа «лихих 90-х» современным российским политическим режимом были отмечены информантами в качестве основных причин мифологизации. В свою очередь, при разборе конкретных мифологем, связанных с тем или иным событием или процессом, респонденты оказались едины во мнении, что все заявленные “мифы” являются упрощёнными производными рецепции данных явлений обывателями, страдающими от недостаточного понимания глубины и комплексности происходившего. Отдельное внимание при этом обращается на субъективное сравнение качества жизни в 1990-е и в 2000-е годы.</p><p>Делается вывод о том, что наличие квази-официальной позиции государства, поддерживающей обывательское представление о 1990-х, накладывает определенные ограничения на масштаб и интенсивность публичной дискуссии о роли 1990-х годов в истории российского государства, что определенно препятствует демифологизации данного периода в массовом сознании. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p> The purpose of the present research is to explore nature and degree of the subjectivity of the constellation of stereotypes, myths united by the “dashing nineties” cliché that surround the period of 1990s of the Russian history.</p><p>The ﬁrst part of the article is devoted to the literature review on the ontology of social “mythologization” of historical events. It reveals that subjective interpretation of the past (“construction of history”) is signiﬁ cant as a tool for legitimizing the present, primarily the political. In addition, review reveals a number of persistent historical narratives, associated with the 1990s , that have been circulating in Russian political discourse.</p><p>The methodological basis of the work are in-depth interviews with people who held positions in Russian ofﬁ cial bodies throughout the 1990s . Informants disclosed that life difﬁ culties that the majority of citizens had faced during the 1990s , coupled with the usage of the negative ideological stamp of “dashing 90s” by the contemporary Russian political regime are the main causes of mythologization. In turn, respondents pointed out that each particular mythology mentioned are the simpliﬁ ed derivatives of the reception of events by ordinary people suffering from a ﬂ awed and incomplete understanding of what was happening.</p><p>In conclusion, it is inferred that the presence of a quasi-ofﬁ cial state position that reinforce the philistine view of the 1990s imposes certain restrictions on the scope and intensity of public discussion about the role of the 1990s in the history of the Russian state, which deﬁ nitely hinders the demythologization of this period in the mass consciousness. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Российская политическая история</kwd><kwd>демифологизация</kwd><kwd>девяностые годы</kwd><kwd>политика памяти</kwd><kwd>идеология</kwd><kwd>реформы</kwd><kwd>общественное сознание</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Russian political history</kwd><kwd>demythologization</kwd><kwd>nineties</kwd><kwd>politics of memory</kwd><kwd>ideology</kwd><kwd>reforms</kwd><kwd>public consciousness</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">A Period of Reforms in Russia – Myths and Reality / Ed. by G.V. 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