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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">comparativepolitics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сравнительная политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative Politics Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2221-3279</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-4990</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательская группа «Юрист»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24411/2221-3279-2020-10007</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">comparativepolitics-1084</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СРАВНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ПОЛИТИКА И ГЕОПОЛИТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COMPARATIVE POLITICS AND GEOPOLITICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>СЕРБИЯ: МНОГОВЕКТОРНОСТЬ КАК ВЫХОД ИЗ ТУПИКА СТРАТЕГИЧЕСКОЙ УЯЗВИМОСТИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>SERBIA: MULTIVECTORNESS AS A WAY OUT OF THE IMPASS OF STRATEGIC VULNERABILITY</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономарева</surname><given-names>Е. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomareva</surname><given-names>E. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.полит.н., профессор, кафедра сравнительной политологии, </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Political Sciences, Professor, Department for Comparative Politics,</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nastya304@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Младенович</surname><given-names>М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mladenovic</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Факультет безопасности, </p><p>Белград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Faculty of Security,</p><p>Belgrade</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">miroslav_mladenovic@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный институт международных отношений (Университет) МИД России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MGIMO University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белградский университет</institution><country>Чехословакия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The University of Belgrade</institution><country>Czechoslovakia</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>88</fpage><lpage>103</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пономарева Е.Г., Младенович М., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пономарева Е.Г., Младенович М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ponomareva E.G., Mladenovic M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.sravpol.ru/jour/article/view/1084">https://www.sravpol.ru/jour/article/view/1084</self-uri><abstract><p>Балканы продолжают оставаться зоной стратегической уязвимости. Усиление последней в настоящее время определено борьбой ведущих акторов мировой политики за пока еще относительно нейтральную в политическом и военном смыслах страну Евроюга – Сербию. Белграду, несмотря на серьезные потрясения рубежа ХХ– XXI вв. (разрушение Югославии, бомбардировки НАТО, «развод» с Черногорией, создание «Республики Косово»), удается до сих пор балансировать между двумя главными полюсами притяжения – ЕСНАТО и Россией, что укладывается в концепцию многовекторности. При всей географической, исторической, культурной и экономической предопределенности европейской интеграции окончательный ее выбор Сербией отягощен двумя принципиально важными моментами – необходимостью признания «Республики Косово» и включением в военно-политическую рамку НАТО. Причем первый вопрос несет существенные политические и цивилизационные риски как для Западных Балкан, так и для всего Евросоюза, не говоря уже о серьезном внутреннем расколе сербского общества в отношении возможности признания албанского новообразования. Естественным балансиром евроатлантическому давлению на Белград выступает Россия, имеющая уникальные имиджевые возможности и не претендующая в отличие от ЕС на роль «империи по приглашению». Ситуация осложняется тем, что существующий исторический дуализм многовекторности нарушается появлением на Балканах нового игрока – Китая. Пекин исключительно экономическими рычагами решает стратегические задачи проникновения на европейские рынки и параллельно плавно, но последовательно вытесняет Россию как главную для Сербии альтернативу Западу. На основе анализа тактики экономических действий китайских компаний в статье делается вывод о нарастании скрытой конкуренции между КНР и РФ за место главного неевропейца не только в Сербии, но и на Балканах в целом. В таких условиях сохранение политики многовекторности при всей имеющейся критике данной концепции может стать для Сербии возможностью выхода из тупика стратегической уязвимости – сохранить на ближайшую перспективу статус-кво политической и военностратегической нейтральности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The Balkans remain a zone of strategic vulnerability. The aggravation of the latter has been defi ned by the struggle of the leading actors of world politics for the southern European country which has been for the time being relatively neutral in political and military senses, i.e. Serbia. Despite serious upheavals of the turn of the twenty-fi rst century (the destruction of Yugoslavia, NATO bombings, the “divorce” with Montenegro and the creation of the “Republic of Kosovo”) Belgrade has been managing to balance between two major poles of attraction – EU-NATO and Russia, which fi ts into the concept of multivectorness. Given all geographic, historical, cultural and economic predetermination of European integration its fi nal choice by Serbia is burdened by two essentially important moments – the need to recognize the “Republic of Kosovo” and the inclusion in the military and political framework of the NATO. Moreover, the fi rst issue brings substantial political and civilizational risks both for the Western Balkans and the whole of the European Union, let alone a serious internal split of the Serbian society in relation to the possibility of recognizing the Albanian new formation. A natural counterweight to the Euro-Atlanticist pressure on Belgrade is Russia which has unique image possibilities and unlike the EU does not pretend to play the role of an “empire by invitation”. The situation becomes more complicated by the fact that the existing historical dualism of multivectorness is being disrupted by the emergence in the Balkans of a new player – China. By solely economic levers Beijing has been solving strategic problems of penetration to European markets and simultaneously smoothly, but sequentially has been superseding Russia as Serbia’s main alternative of the West. Analyzing the tactics of the economic measures of Chinese companies the article concludes that there has been growing a concealed competition between the People's Republic of China and the Russian Federation for the place of the main nonEuropean actor not only in Serbia, but in the Balkans as a whole. In such circumstances the preservation of the policy of multivectorness (despite all criticism of the concept) can serve Serbia as the way out of the impasse of strategic vulnerability, i.e. to preserve in the short-term the prospect of the status quo of political, military and strategic neutrality.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Сербия</kwd><kwd>ЕС</kwd><kwd>Россия</kwd><kwd>Китай</kwd><kwd>НАТО</kwd><kwd>политика многовекторности</kwd><kwd>косовский вопрос</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Serbia</kwd><kwd>EU</kwd><kwd>Russia</kwd><kwd>China</kwd><kwd>NATO</kwd><kwd>the policy of multivectorness</kwd><kwd>the Kosovo problem</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вишняков Я.В., Пономарева Е.Г. 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